Chandigarh is famous as “The City Beautiful” because it embodies modernity, meticulous planning, and architectural brilliance. It is one of the largest cities in North India, and it is a Union Territory of the Indian Republic. Besides that, Chandigarh shares boundaries with three Indian states: Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh. It is the capital of both Punjab and Haryana in India. As a matter of fact, it was the nation’s first planned city. It was originally designed by the French architect Le Corbusier and his team. Chandigarh is home to Asia’s largest rose garden, the “Zakir Hussain Rose GardeFormedn.” In this article, you will get History of Chandigarh with full details.
Quick Knowledge About The City
| State Level | Union Territories |
| Capital | Chandigarh |
| Statehood | 1 November 1966 |
| Overall Area | 114 sq km |
| Districts | 1 |
| Present-Day Chief Minister | Shri Manohar Lal and Sh. Bhagwant Mann |
| Currently Serving Governor | Banwarilal Purohit |
| State Bird | Indian Grey Hornbill |
| State Flower | Palash |
| State Animal | Indian Gray Weasel |
| State Tree | Mango Tree |
| Languages | Hindi, Punjabi, and English |
| State Dance | Giddha Dance |
History of Chandigarh
The city has a prehistoric history. There was once a large lake surrounded by marsh on the gently sloping plains where modern-day Chandigarh now stands. The fossilized remains discovered there suggest that the environment supported a wide variety of aquatic and amphibian life. According to historical records, the Harappans lived in the region around 8,000 years ago.
From medieval to modern times, it was part of Punjab Province, later divided during the 1947 partition. In addition, It was initially designed to serve as East Punjab’s capital and accommodate West Punjab refugees.
How Chandigarh was Formed
The history of Chandigarh began on August 15, 1947, when India gained independence. With Lahore as the former capital, Punjab was divided into East Punjab (India) and West Punjab (Pakistan). As a result, East Punjab had to establish a new capital.
In March 1948, the Government of Punjab, in consultation with the Government of India, selected the foothills of the Shivaliks as the new capital site. According to District Ambala’s 1892–1893 gazetteer, the city site’s location was a part of the formerly Ambala district. Not to mention, the foundation of Chandigarh was initially started on April 2, 1952 by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. Later, President Rajendra Prasad inaugurated the city on October 7, 1953. Following the state’s reorganization into Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh on November 1, 1966, the city gained the unique distinction. Then, it became the capital city of both Punjab and Haryana, as well as a Union Territory under direct control of the Central Government.
Who Designed Chandigarh?
Many people look on the Internet to find out who designed Chandigarh? Jawaharlal Nehru, who was the prime minister at the time, did, however, suggest the idea of a new city. But French architect “Le Corbusier” was responsible for the design of this lovely city. He was one of the most well-known architects of the twentieth century, which is why he tasked with designing the new city. After all, his avant-garde designs and innovative urban planning concepts reshaped Indian urban living. Well, early in the 1950s, construction got under way, and it later finished in the 1960s. Le Corbusier worked on the design of this city from 1951 until his death in 1965, after which M.N. Sharma took over.
Planning Concept of Chandigarh
The planning concept of Chandigarh based on the concept of a “City Beautiful.” With the city divided into sectors, Le Corbusier’s plan placed an emphasis on geometric accuracy. In short, with carefully planned integration of residential, commercial, and recreational spaces, each sector was self-contained.
The city’s design aimed to balance urban and natural life by incorporating large green spaces and tree-lined avenues. The Capitol Complex, which houses the Legislative Assembly, the Secretariat, and the Supreme Court, is a prime example of this cohesion. In fact, it is currently a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a very popular tourist destination.
Geography of Chandigarh
Chandigarh is a union territory located in the northern foothills of the Shivalik ranges. Moreover, the soil in Chandigarh is extremely fertile, promoting increased crop production. In short, the soil in the city is alluvial, making it ideal for growing commercial crops like wheat, rice, barley, and maize.
How Many Sectors are there in Chandigarh?
There are 56 sectors in the Indian city of Chandigarh. Not to mention, the sectors vary in size from 1 to 56 square miles, arranged in a grid pattern numbered from 1 to 56. Additionally, each city sector has its own shopping district, academic space, health-care facilities, community centers, and places of worship. At the same time, each sector also features its own open parking lot, playgrounds, parks, and residential area.
Why is Chandigarh the Capital of Two States?
In some Punjabi regions that spoke Hindi, a new state called Haryana got formed in 1966. Chandigarh was, and still is, the capital of this new state. That is why, it is the capital city of both Punjab and Haryana. Nevertheless, there is always a demand from Punjab to include Chandigarh in Punjab and designate another city as Haryana’s capital. Hence, in order to avoid any controversy or conflict, the city has designated as a Union territory of India.
What Makes Chandigarh Famous?
Chandigarh is well known for a variety of things. It is well-known for its fantastic scenic attractions in addition to its beauty. Interesting gardens and magnificent, historic architecture keep this city vibrant. In addition, it got planned long before it got built, making it one of India’s first cities with French architecture. Simply put, there are some thrilling top 10 travel places in Chandigarh where you can spend quality time with your family or partner. In other words, it is one of the best tourist destinations in North India, attracting both Indian and foreign visitors.
In addition of its scenic views because it is in the Himalayan foothills, it has quite comfortable hotels where you can plan your stay. Chandigarh is pre-eminent for having exciting and famous restaurants where you can eat delicious food. Not to mention, there are numerous prestigious colleges, coaching centers, and schools here. Therefore, if you want to explore this lovely city, going there is worthwhile. Last but not least, it is a great place to see the top examples of Indian architecture, urban design, and culture.
Some of the Special Facts About Chandigarh
- Chandigarh is in the Shivaliks, a mountain range in northern India.
- The city has three sections: residential, commercial, and administrative.
- Chandigarh is well-known for its modern architecture, which was originally designed by Le Corbusier and his team.
- The Secretariat, the High Court, and the Open Hand Monument are among the most widely known structures in Chandigarh.
- Chandigarh, the beautiful city, is a popular tourist destination known for its beautiful parks and gardens.
Final Words
The development of Chandigarh from a concept to a functional city is a remarkable chapter in India’s post-independence history. In fact, its thoughtful layout, architectural marvels, and dedication to green spaces continue to inspire urban planners and visitors alike. Similarly, Chandigarh is more than just a city; it is a celebration of human ingenuity and the ideals of urban living. Besides that, there are numerous things and places to visit in Chandigarh. Likewise, you must visit this city at least once to fully appreciate its atmosphere and various types of vibes. Finally, give this city a chance to explore its rich heritage and history, as well as some of its existing components.
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